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Compare Maldives (2001) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008)

Compare Maldives (2001) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008)

 Maldives (2001)Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2008)
 MaldivesCocos (Keeling) Islands
Administrative divisions 19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and 1 other first-order administrative division*; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu, Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu, Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale*, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani, Thaa, Vaavu none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years:
45.63% (male 72,920; female 68,895)

15-64 years:
51.37% (male 81,506; female 78,149)

65 years and over:
3% (male 4,806; female 4,488) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products coconuts, corn, sweet potatoes; fish vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts
Airports 5 (2000 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
300 sq km

land:
300 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
Area - comparative about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background The Maldives were long a sultanate, first under Dutch and then under British protection. They became a republic in 1968, three years after independence. Tourism and fishing are being developed on the archipelago. There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. From the 1820s to 1978, members of the CLUNIE-ROSS family controlled the islands and the copra produced from local coconuts. Annexed by the UK in 1857, the Cocos Islands were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island.
Birth rate 38.15 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Budget revenues:
$166 million (excluding foreign grants)

expenditures:
$192 million, including capital expenditures of $80 million (1999 est.)		 revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
Capital Male name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 50 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August) tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
Coastline 644 km 26 km
Constitution adopted January 1998 Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Maldives

conventional short form:
Maldives

local long form:
Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa

local short form:
Dhivehi Raajje		 conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Currency rufiyaa (MVR) -
Death rate 8.09 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Debt - external $237 million (2000 est.) -
Dependency status - non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives and makes periodic visits there none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US Maldives does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN in New York none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $NA
Economy - overview Tourism, Maldives largest industry, accounts for 20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties and tourism-related taxes. Almost 400,000 tourists visited the islands in 1998. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently, it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment. Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a minor role in the economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or less above sea level. Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry.
Electricity - consumption 93.9 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 101 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll 2.4 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues depletion of freshwater aquifers threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral reef bleaching fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs Europeans, Cocos Malays
Exchange rates rufiyaa per US dollar - 11.770 (fixed rate since 1995) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
appointed by the president; note - need not be members of Majlis

elections:
president nominated by the Majlis and then that nomination must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2003)

election results:
President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected; percent of popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.9%		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports $88 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $NA
Exports - commodities fish, clothing copra
Exports - partners US, UK, Sri Lanka, Japan Australia (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description red with a large green rectangle in the center bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is on the hoist side of the flag the flag of Australia is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $594 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
20%

industry:
18%

services:
62% (2000 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 7.6% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 3 15 N, 73 00 E 12 30 S, 96 50 E
Geography - note 1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago of strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian Ocean islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation
Highways total:
NA km

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km; note - Male has 9.6 km of coral highways within the city (1988 est.)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $372 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $NA
Imports - commodities consumer goods, intermediate and capital goods, petroleum products foodstuffs
Imports - partners Singapore, India, Sri Lanka, Japan, Canada Australia (2006)
Independence 26 July 1965 (from UK) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate 4.4% (1996 est.) -
Industries fish processing, tourism, shipping, boat building, coconut processing, garments, woven mats, rope, handicrafts, coral and sand mining copra products and tourism
Infant mortality rate 63.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch High Court Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 67,000 (1995) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 22%, industry 18%, services 60% (1995) note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
10%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
3%

forests and woodland:
3%

other:
84% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from Arabic), English spoken by most government officials Malay (Cocos dialect), English
Legal system based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based upon the laws of Australia and local laws
Legislative branch unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats; 42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 20 November 1999 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 42		 unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
Life expectancy at birth total population:
62.56 years

male:
61.39 years

female:
63.8 years (2001 est.)		 total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
93.2%

male:
93.3%

female:
93% (1995 est.)		 NA
Location Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean, south-southwest of India Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka
Map references Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic baselines

contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
17 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 58,604 GRT/81,451 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 16, short-sea passenger 1 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force
Military branches National Security Service -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
71,856 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
40,006 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Independence Day, 26 July (1965) Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality noun:
Maldivian(s)

adjective:
Maldivian		 noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
Natural hazards low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea level rise cyclone season is October to April
Natural resources fish fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Political parties and leaders although political parties are not banned, none exist none
Political pressure groups and leaders none none
Population 310,764 (July 2001 est.) 596 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 3.01% (2001 est.) 0% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Gan, Male -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 35,000 (1999) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Sunni Muslim Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.07 male(s)/female

total population:
1.05 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 21 years of age; universal NA
Telephone system general assessment:
minimal domestic and international facilities

domestic:
interatoll communication through microwave links; all inhabited islands are connected with telephone and fax service

international:
satellite earth station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)		 general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station (2001)
Telephones - main lines in use 21,000 (1999) 287 (1992)
Telephones - mobile cellular 1,290 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) NA
Terrain flat, with white sandy beaches flat, low-lying coral atolls
Total fertility rate 5.5 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA
Unemployment rate NEGL% 60% (2000 est.)
Waterways none -
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